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Has a 60% income tax rate reappeared?

Written by admin on . Posted in Employment Tax, Gift Aid, High Income Child Benefit Charge, Income Tax. No Comments on Has a 60% income tax rate reappeared?

The high marginal tax rates created by phasing out the personal allowance are back in the news.

‘A million to pay 60% income tax within years,’ ran a recent headline in The Sunday Telegraph. The next day The Times picked up on the same story with the article ‘Inflation may leave million more workers paying 60% tax’.

How the 60% tax rate happens

In 2022/23, Yasmin expects to have an income of £100,000 and is therefore entitled to a personal allowance of £12,570. If she receives an unexpected bonus of £10,000, her total income will be £110,000 and her personal allowance will be reduced by half of the amount by which her total income exceeds £100,000 – i.e. £5,000. As a result, she will not only pay tax of £4,000 on her bonus (at 40% outside Scotland), but she will also have to pay £2,000 of tax on the £5,000 of her income no longer covered by the personal allowance. The result is:

   Total extra tax          =    £4,000 + £2,000 x 100% = 60%
Total extra income                £10,000

If Yasmin received a bonus of over £25,140, she would lose all her personal allowance.

Whether either article counts as ‘news’ is debatable. The 60% income tax rate (or 61.5% on earnings in Scotland) has been around, in one form or another, since 2010/11. It is not, as The Times suggested, the result of ‘a glitch in the personal allowance regime’ but was the product of a carefully crafted piece of legislation. At the time, the aim was to raise extra revenue while keeping the threshold for the newly introduced 50% additional rate tax at £150,000.

The newspaper articles indirectly highlighted that:

  • The £100,000 threshold at which the personal allowance is tapered has been unchanged since 2010; and
  • The personal allowance has almost doubled since 2010, resulting in a £25,140 band of income in which the 60% rate can bite.

Both factors mean that more taxpayers are being caught as incomes rise over time.

The one piece of good news is that if you are hit by 60% income tax you may also be able to claim 60% tax relief on pension contributions or gift aid.

Photo by Jon Tyson on Unsplash

Charitable giving pitfalls

Written by admin on . Posted in Gift Aid, Income Tax, self-assessment. No Comments on Charitable giving pitfalls

Many individuals donate to charity simply for altruistic reasons, but this doesn’t mean the tax benefit should be ignored. With Gift Aid donations saving tax at an individual’s marginal rate, donors need to watch out for any pitfalls that might preclude relief.

If a Gift Aid donation helps to preserve a person’s entitlement to the personal allowance, the tax saving is 60%. For example, a gross donation of £1,000 costs just £400.

Benefit received

Any benefit received in return for making a donation must be minor. An acknowledgement of the donor’s generosity – such as a plaque – is permitted but should not take the form of business advertisement or sponsorship.

When it comes to right of admission, such as a National Trust membership fee, the donation must be at least 10% more than the normal admission cost. For example, £11 would need to be paid for entrance that would otherwise cost £10. Alternatively, admission rights can be for at least 12 months during public opening hours.

Other pitfalls to be aware of include:

  • Gifts: Tax relief is not available for an individual membership or subscription gifted to someone else, such as a spouse or parent. However, this restriction doesn’t apply where a donor’s minor child is the recipient.
  • Double counting: Where charitable giving is via a Charities Aid Foundation account, tax relief is given on donations to the account – not when donations are made from the account to charities. Therefore, be careful not to double count when claiming relief. The advantage of using a centralised charity account like this is that only one Gift Aid declaration need be completed.

Tax planning

If a donor’s income varies from year to year, donations can be made in the tax years when the tax saving is greatest.

  • The ability to treat donations as being made in the previous tax year is a great help here because – unlike pensions – tax planning can be done retrospectively once the donor’s tax position is established.
  • The same approach should be followed for spouses or partners. If a donation comes from a joint bank account, the donor who will benefit the most should make the Gift Aid declaration.

Detailed guidance from HMRC on Gift Aid for individuals and companies can be found here.

Photo by micheile dot com on Unsplash